It documents John O'Gaunt's life in a musical tone poem. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Yet, Gaunt was popular with the Scottish nobles and they treated him generously despite him being an effective outlaw in England. John of Gaunt made, and the actions John of Gaunt took during his life time. Jump up ^ Dame Blanche Morieux in John of Gaunt: King of Castile and Leon, Duke of Aquitaine and Lancaster by Sydney Armitage-Smith, pp. It was a terrible and painful end for the young man. He was born a member of the House of Plantagenet. First, through his legitimate male descendants the Lancasters, and then through his debatably illegitimate descendants, by his long time mistress and then third seized the throne, 1369Succeeded by, {{ mediasCtrl.getTitle(media, true) }} If I die out of London I desire that the night my body arrives there, that it be carried direct to the Friars Carmelites in Fleet Street, and the next day taken strait to St. Paul's, and that it be not buried for forty days, during which I charge my executors that there be no cering or embalming my corpse; I will that my executors pay all my debts, excepting the debts for the army, which my beloved brother the Duke of York incurred in Portugal, of which before God and all the world I hold myself free; I desire that chauntries and obits be founded for the souls of my late dear wives Blanch and Constance, whom God pardon; to the said altar of St. Paul's my vestment of satin embroidered, which I bought of Courtnay, embroider at London, certain lands and tenements in London, of which the reversion is purchased, rendering xx marks a year to Dame Katherine del Staple for her life, and I desire that during her life she be paid out of the rents of the Manor of Bernoldwyk, in the county of York; to the prisons of Newgate and Ludgate, in London C marks, to be divided between them; to my most dear wife Katherine, my two best nouches which I have, excepting that which I have allowed to my Lord and nephew the King, and my large cup of gold which the Earl of Wilts gave to the King my Lord, and which he gave me on my going into Guienne, together with all the buckles, rings, diamonds, rubies, and other things, that will be found in a little box of cypress wood, of which I carry the key myself, and all the robes which I bought of my dear cousin the Duchess of Norfolk, also my large bed of black velvet, embroidered with a circle of fetter-locks, and garters, all the beds made for my body called in England "trussing beds," my best stay with a good ruby, my best collar, all which my said wife had before her marriage with me, also all the goods and jewels which I had given her since my marriage; to my Lord and nephew the King the best nouche which I have on the day of my death, my best cup of gold which my dear wife Katherine gave me on New Year's Day last, my gold saltcellar with a garter, and the piece of arras which the Duke of Bourgoyne gave me when I was at Calais; to my dear brother the Duke of York, a gold cup and cover; to my dear son Henry, Duke of Hereford, Earl of Derby, two of the best pieces of arras, one of which was given me by my Lord and nephew the King, and the other by my dear brother the Duke of Gloucester, whom God pardon, when I lately returned from Spain, also a chain of gold of the old manner, with the name of God in each part, which my most honored Lady and mother the Queen, whom God pardon, gave me, commanding me to preserve it, with her blessing, and I desire that he will keep it with the blessing of God and mine; to my dear daughter Philippa, Queen of Portugal, my second best stay of gold, and a gold cup and cover; to my dear daughter Katherine, Queen of Castile and Leon, a gold cup and cover; to my dear daughter Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter, my white bed of silk, with blue eagles displayed, and my best nouche after those before given; to my dear son John Beaufort, Marquis of Dorset, a dozen saucers, &c.; to the Reverend Father in God and my dear son the Bishop of Lincoln, a dozen saucers, &c. and my missal, and my portheus, which belonged to my Lord and brother the Prince of Wales, whom God preserve; to my dear son Thomas Beaufort, their brother, a dozen saucers, &c.; to my dear daughter, their sister, Countess of Westmoreland and Lady of Nevil, a silk bed, and a cup and cover of gold; to my dear Henry, eldest son of my dear son the Duke of Hereford, a gold cup; to my dear son John, brother to the said Henry, a gold cup; after all my debts are paid, and restitution made to all who have been injured by me or my servants, on my account, I desire that my executor pay to the Minister of Bury one thousand pounds; to my said wife Katherine two thousand pounds; to my said son the Duke of Hereford one thousand pounds; to my said son the Marquis one thousand pounds; to my said son Thomas Beaufort one thousand marks; "a mon tres chere bachelier" Monsr. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Visitors to this group are welcome to use the information found here to help them . However, in his absence crisis ensued almost immediately, and in 1387 King Richard's misrule brought England to the brink of civil war. ISBN 0-395-29031-7. An adjacent chantry chapel was added between 1399 and 1403. Ghent, Flanders (now in Belgium) john dorrance estate; famous descendants of john of gaunt. He was called "John of Gaunt" because he was born in Ghent, then rendered in English as Gaunt. Jump up ^ Harris (2010). ISBN 0-395-29031-7. John was left isolated (even the Black Prince supported the need for reform) and the Commons refused to grant money for the war unless most of the great officers of state were dismissed, and the King's mistress Alice Perrers, another focus of popular resentment, was barred from any further association with him. While John of Gaunt had gambled on an early decisive battle, the Castilians were in no hurry to join battle, and he began to experience difficulties keeping his army together and paying it. He began to advocate peace negotiationsindeed as early as 1373, during his great raid through France, he made contact with Guillaume Roger, brother and political adviser of Pope Gregory XI, to let the Pope know he would be interested in a diplomatic conference under papal auspices. or John I 325327. Because of his rank John of Gaunt was one of England's principal military commanders in the 1370s and 1380s, though his enterprises were never rewarded with the kind of dazzling success that had made his elder brother the Black Prince such a charismatic war leader. There is, however, evidence that he may occasionally have used this second marshalling at earlier dates. John of Gaunt was my first Plantagenet when I swiped my eldest brother's copy of Anya Seton's historical novel Katherine when I was about thirteen. [15] During the Peasants' Revolt of 1381 John of Gaunt was far from the centre of events, on the march of Scotland, but he was among those named by the rebels as a traitor to be beheaded as soon as he could be found. He also became the 14th Baron of Halton and 11th Lord of Bowland. This approach led indirectly to the Anglo-French Congress of Bruges in 137477, which resulted in a short-lived truce between the two sides. Due to some generous land grants, John was one of the richest men in his era. Family connections : He was the the third son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. Jump up ^ Holmes, Edric. Jump up ^ "John O'Gaunt School, Trowbridge". His personal unpopularity persisted, however, and the failure of his expedition to Saint-Malo in 1378 did nothing for his reputation. Prior to her widowhood, Katherine had borne at least two, possibly three, children to Lancastrian knight Sir Hugh Swynford. Philippa (13601415) married King John I of Portugal (13571433). An adjacent chantry chapel was added between 1399 and 1403. Ancestry[edit] His first wife, Blanche of Lancaster, was also his third cousin; both were great-great-grandchildren of King Henry III. The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain, 6601649. The tomb of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster in St. Paul's Cathedral, as represented in an etching of 1658 by Wenceslaus Hollar. He was the wealthiest, most powerful and most hated man in England for decades. 6 Relationship to Chaucer 7 Family Chaucer married Philippa (Pan) de Roet in 1366, and Lancaster took his mistress of nearly 30 years, Katherine Swynford (de Roet), who was Philippa Chaucer's sister, as his third wife in 1396. For places and organisations named after him, see John O'Gaunt. John of Gaunt Katherine Roet Sir John Beaufort Margaret de Holand John Beaufort Margaret Beauchamp Margaret Beaufort Edmund Tudor Henry VII, King of England Elizabeth of York John of Gaunt was a patron and close friend of the poet Geoffrey Chaucer, most famously known for his work The Canterbury Tales. The family tree for John of Gaunt should not be considered exhaustive or authoritative. What name on the roll of English princes is more familiar? wrote Sydney Armitage-Smith, Gaunts first biographer, in 1904. Dame Joan Collins looked sensational as she attended Armani and A Rabbit's Foot's Power of Film dinner at swanky Isabel's restaurant in London on Tuesday. Morieux held several important posts, including Constable of the Tower the year he was married, and Master of Horse to King Richard II two years later. The fabulously wealthy Gaunt exercised tremendous influence over the throne during the minority reign of his nephew, Richard II, and during the ensuing periods of . And I ordain my most dear and entirely beloved brother Edmond Duke of York; my most dear and entirely beloved nephew Edward Duke of Aumerle; the Reverend Fathers in God Roger Archbishop of Canterbury; Richard Archbishop of York; and the Bishop of Lincoln, my dear son, supervisors of this my last will, whom, with my Lord the King, I pray to be faithful surveyors of the same. Henry Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester and Cardinal (13751447) But Gaunt never wished to be king of England, though he fought . At a time when English forces encountered setbacks in the Hundred Years' War against France, and Edward III's rule was becoming unpopular due to high taxation and his affair with Alice Perrers, political opinion closely associated the Duke of Lancaster with the failing government of the 1370s. A large part of John's army had succumbed to sickness, however, and when the invasion was mounted they were far outnumbered by their Portuguese allies. Henry of GrosmontLord High Steward The Castilian king, John of Trastmara, had expected Gaunt would land in Portugal and had concentrated his forces on the Portuguese border; he was wrong-footed by Gaunt's decision to invade Galicia, the most distant and disaffected of Castile's Kingdoms. By this time, too, some of his possessions were taken from him by the Crown. Although he ended up . John received the title "Duke of Lancaster" from his father on 13 November 1362. [33] Her great-granddaughter was Catherine of Aragon. Jump up ^ Armitage-Smith, John of Gaunt, pp. On his return from France in 1374, John took a more decisive and persistent role in the direction of English foreign policy, and from then until 1377 because his father and elder brother were both ill and unable to exercise their authority, he was effectively the head of the English government. 59, 61, pl. The unrest was cataclysmic for John of Gaunt. John of Gaunt was also called the earl of Richmond or the duc d'Aquitaine. [34] Oftentimes the family trees listed as still in progress have derived from research into famous people who have a kinship to this person. Gaunts relationship with Katherine came under scrutiny shortly before the Peasants Revolt and added to his unpopular public profile. As a result of Blanches death, Geoffrey Chaucer produced The Book of the Duchess as an elegy to Blanche, John of Gaunts very dear wife. The treaty was sealed by the marriage of John's eldest daughter Philippa to the Portuguese King. John's first child was an illegitimate daughter, Blanche (13591388/89). 13621399Succeeded by Unlike some of Richard's unpopular advisors, John was away from London at the time of the uprising and thus avoided the direct wrath of the rebels.In 1386 John left England to seek the throne of Castile, claimed in Jure uxoris by right of his second wife, Constance of Castile, whom he had married in 1371. Born: 6 March 1340 Died: 3 February 1399 Thomas Beaufort, Duke of Exeter (13771427), married Margaret Neville, daughter of Sir Thomas de Neville and Joan Furnivall. The grave and monument were destroyed with the cathedral in the Great Fire of London in 1666. Johnofgaunt.jpg The children bore the surname "Beaufort" after a former French possession of the duke. Still, I wanted to take the time and write about them and some of their royal descendants She was the eldest daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and 4th son of Edward III, and his first wife Blanche of Lancaster, great-great-granddaughter of Henry III. 'Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster' John of Gaunt (1340-1399) was the son of one king and the father of another. 6:10 These three sons, first mentioned in 5:32, will form the family tree of the nations following the Flood. His first wife, Blanche, was also his third cousin, both being great great grandchildren of King Henry III. John of Gaunt. British author, philosopher, and statesman. A suit of armour alleged to have been John of Gaunt's is on display in the Tower of London, and is of exceptional size (6'9"), but its ownership is now disputed. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. New creationDuke of Lancaster Jump up ^ Sumption (2009), pp. 2nd creation 13611399 At one point he was forced to take refuge across the river Thames, while his Savoy Palace only just escaped looting. Preceded by Gaunts marriage to Constance marked a 20-year obsession to claim the throne of Castile to rule as a king in the Iberian Peninsula. They moved to Boston in 1655 where he was a merchant. [30] John of Gaunt was Blanche Swynford's godfather. From 1372 John gathered around himself a small court of refugee Castilian knights and ladies and set up a Castilian chancery which prepared documents in his name according to the style of Peter of Castile, dated by the Castilian era and signed by himself with the Spanish formula 'Yo El Rey' (I, the King). During his marriage to Constance, John of Gaunt had fathered four children by a mistress, the widow Katherine Swynford (whose sister Philippa de Roet was married to Chaucer). "Explanatory Notes on 'The Book of the Duchess'". After the death in 1376 of his older brother Edward of Woodstock (also known as the "Black Prince"), John of Gaunt contrived to protect the religious reformer John Wycliffe (ca 1320-1384), possibly to counteract the growing secular power of the [church[5]]. 69108. John of Gaunt: the Exercise of Princely Power in Fourteenth-Century Europe. Larry D. Benson and F. N. Robinson (1987). Many deserted or abandoned the army to ride north under French safe-conducts. Four or more generations of descendants of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340-1399) if they are properly linked: 1. 6:11 The verb translated corrupt has the idea of being ruined, spoiled, or destroyed. Jump up ^ Plea Rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40/541 ; year 1396; http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/R2/CP40no541a/aCP40no541afronts/IMG_0140.htm ; several entries, as Duke of Aquitaine & Lancaster; and as King of Castille & Duke of Lancaster p. 635. "Richard II: September 1397". Believed to have been written in the 1390s, Chaucer's short poem Fortune, is also inferred to directly reference Lancaster. {{ mediasCtrl.getTitle(media, true) }} {{ media.date_translated }}, {{ asCtrl.bannerRights.content|translate }}, The Geneanet family trees are powered by Geneweb 7.0. This was moved and now adorns the entrance through the east bail of Lincoln Castle. They had 4 illegitimate children. The former title for Clerk of the King's Ships had been Keeper and Governor of the King's Ships and Warden of the Sea and Maritime Parts. Church Monuments 25: 735. After Henrys death in 1361, Gaunt inherited the entire dukedom of Lancaster by right of his wife, Blanche (an inheritance greatly increased by the death of Blanches elder sister Maud). The unrest marked an increase in Richards confidence and personal power as king, and following the events in 1381 John of Gaunt was not treated with the same level of reverence as he was prior to the rebellion. Descendants of this marriage include Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, a grandmother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III; John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, a great-grandfather of King Henry VII; and Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scots, from whom are descended all subsequent sovereigns of Scotland beginning in 1437 and all sovereigns of England, Great Britain and the United Kingdom from 1603 to the present day. However, we tend to view John of Gaunt as a gallant prince. MotherPhilippa of Hainault However, John's ascendancy to political power coincided with widespread resentment of his influence. John Winslow came over in 1621. Henry Bolingbroke Jump up ^ Chaucer, Geoffrey, ed. 7.3 Children p. 600. [12] There was organised opposition to his measures, and rioting in London: John of Gaunt's arms were reversed or defaced wherever they were displayed, and protestors pasted up lampoons on his supposedly dubious birth. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. London: Edward Arnold. John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (June 24, 1340 - February 3, 1399) was the third surviving son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault.He gained his name "John of Gaunt" because he was born at Ghent in 1340. "White" is the English translation of the French word "blanche", implying that the white lady was Blanche of Lancaster. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The romance novel Almost Innocent by Jane Feather tells the story of a possibly fictitious illegitimate daughter of John of Gaunt, and contains much history and vivid description of John and of royal life. John (13741375)[27][28] When he became unpopular later in life, scurrilous rumours and lampoons circulated that he was actually the son of a Ghent butcher, perhaps because Edward III was not present at the birth. At the height of his career he was the most powerful man in the kingdom after the king. The Duke of BrittanyEarl of Richmond Elizabeth, Duchess of Exeter Fortune, in turn, does not understand Chaucer's harsh words to her for she believes she has been kind to him, claims that he does not know what she has in store for him in the future, but most importantly, "And eek thou hast thy beste frend alyve" (32, 40, 48). Furthermore, while King Edward and the Prince of Wales were popular heroes due to their successes on the battlefield, John of Gaunt had not won equivalent military renown that could have bolstered his reputation. Afonso of Portugal (1390-1400) 3. The Beaufort children, three sons and a daughter, were legitimised by royal and papal decrees after John and Katherine married. aged 58years old. John of Gaunt Inicio; Nota Biografica; Obra; Blogs. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. (#3815) FamousKin.com. Dan Jones is the author of The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queen Who Made England, a #1 international bestseller and New York Times bestseller, and Wars of the Roses, which charts the story of the fall of the Plantagenet dynasty and improbable rise of the Tudors.He writes and presents the popular Netflix series Secrets of Great British Castles and appeared alongside , i hope you will like it about john of gaunt descendants family tree please comment if we missed anything here, please let us know. , Geoffrey, ed [ 33 ] her great-granddaughter was Catherine of Aragon Geoffrey, ed great great grandchildren King! Sir Hugh Swynford to this group are welcome to use the information found here to help.... ( 13591388/89 ) decrees after John and Katherine married the White lady was Blanche Swynford 's.! Determine whether to revise the article the Duchess ' '' have suggestions to improve this article ( requires )... 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