Each modulator may also adjust the brake actuating forces at other wheels that are on the same axle or in the same axle set in response to the same signal or signals. Wheel lockup means 100 percent wheel slip. Drivers Accelerate immediately to the initial test speed after each snub. Bookmark +. S2. Service on the single- or twin-piston caliper is essentially the same. Explanation To test hydraulic brakes, you should pump the brake pedal three times, then apply firm pressure to the brake pedal and hold for five seconds. 8 0 obj<>stream S6.14 Special drive conditions. Establish an initial brake temperature before the first brake application of 130 F. 6 0 obj<> endobj Determine the control force, pressure level, or fluid level (as appropriate for the indicator being tested) necessary to activate the brake system indicator lamp. Start the engine and run at idle speed. This members-only test covers must-know topics including medical certificate renewal, preventing brake fade, and more. Splash Guards/Mud Flaps - mounted, not damaged . S6.6 Vehicle openings. For vehicles with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less, or any school bus, make six stops from 30 mph. S7.16 Service brake system - water recovery test. Restore system to normal at completion of this test. The parking brake test surface is clean, dry, smooth, Portland cement concrete. Start with the basics The simple hydraulic disc brake system consists of a pedal and linkage to activate the power booster, which in turn activates the master cylinder; disc brake components include caliper, anchor place, shoe and lining and hub and rotor. As a Mechanic of a small fleet I prefer the hydraulic because they are simpiler and cheaper to work on and I dont have to worry about brakes being out of adjustment. The eCFR is displayed with paragraphs split and indented to follow If no recommendations are furnished, run the vehicle in an unburnished condition. (b) For vehicles with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds, stability and control during braking tests are conducted on a 500-foot-radius curved roadway with a wet level surface having a peak friction coefficient of 0.55 when measured on a straight or curved section of the curved roadway using an ASTM F2493 standard reference tire, in accordance with ASTM E1337-19 at a speed of 40 mph, with water delivery. Snub means the braking deceleration of a vehicle from a higher reference speed to a lower reference speed that is greater than zero. S6.2.3 At the beginning of each performance test in the test sequence (S7,3, S7.5, S7.7 through S7.11, and S7.13 through S7.19 of this standard), unless otherwise specified, each propulsion battery of an EV is at the maximum state of charge recommended by the manufacturer, as stated in the vehicle operator's manual or on a label that is permanently attached to the vehicle, or, if the manufacturer has made no recommendation, at a state of charge of not less than 95 percent. If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. FY TP-116-04. Disconnect variable proportioning brake system. I drove both busses one right after the other 6. Automotive braking systems are obviously very important and must be thoroughly tested prior to production. trailer Your email address will not be published. You can learn more about the process If the pressure is too low, it will not engage the brakes properly. S7.4.1.2 Brake adjustment - post burnish. S3. Unless otherwise specified, the force applied to a brake control is not less than 15 lb and not more than 150 lb. Control force readings may be terminated when vehicle speed falls to 5 mph. Disconnect the primary source of power of one subsystem. With a moving barrier as described in paragraph 4.3 of SAE Recommended Practice J972 (2000) (incorporated by reference, see 571.5), impact the vehicle from the front at 212 mph. Also, if the air system fails, the default is brakes applied, hydraulic brakes, not so much. If the vehicle is equipped with an adjustable engine speed governor, it is adjusted according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Article author: cdl-prep.com Reviews from users 3 (3791 Ratings). S6.3 Tire inflation pressure. Restore the system to normal at completion of this test. S5.1.1.1 In the first (preburnished) effectiveness test, the vehicle shall be capable of stopping from 30 mph and 60 mph within the corresponding distances specified in column I of table II. 0000000016 00000 n Loss of fluid from one compartment shall not result in a complete loss of brake fluid from another compartment. (2) Except for a separate indicator lamp for an anti-lock system, a regenerative system, or an indicator for both anti-lock and regenerative system, the letters and background of each separate indicator lamp shall be of contrasting colors, one of which is red. (b) Service brake system - second effectiveness test. The tractor protection valve S5.1.3.5 Electric brakes. S6.7 Ambient temperature. 0000000954 00000 n Hydraulic Brake Check Pump the brake pedal three times, then hold it down for five seconds. Choosing an item from Make 500 snubs between 40 mph and 20 mph at a deceleration rate of 10 f.p.s.p.s. (f) For a vehicle with electric transmission of the service brake control signal, failure of a brake control circuit. xb````` In extreme cases, a complete loss of braking power can occur. 571.105 Standard No. (a) Detachment or fracture of any component of the braking system, such as brake springs and brake shoe or disc pad facing, other than minor cracks that do not impair attachment of the friction facing. To receive this license, applicants must pass a 50-question test. Except as noted in S5.1.1.2 and S5.1.1.4, if a vehicle is incapable of attaining a speed specified in S5.1.1, S5.1.2, S5.1.3, or S5.1.6, its service brakes must be capable of stopping the vehicle from the multiple of 5 mph that is 4 to 8 mph less than the speed attainable in 2 miles, within distances that do not exceed the corresponding distances specified in Table II. or less, unloaded vehicle weight plus 400 lbs. force and hold while checking hydro-boost hose fittings for leaks. S7.3 Service brake system - first (preburnish) effectiveness test. b. In many disc brake configurations, a warning system employs a control module that monitors the hydraulic brake electrical system. S7.9.3 Repeat S7.9.1 and S7.9.2 with vehicle at GVWR. Reflectors -clean, not missing or broken . Exhaust any residual brake power reserve capability of the disconnected system. (b) For vehicles manufactured on and after September 1, 1999 with GVWRs greater than 10,000 lbs, each message about the existence of a malfunction, as described in S5.3.1(c), shall be stored in the antilock brake system after the ignition switch is turned to the off position and the indicator lamp shall be automatically reactivated when the ignition switch is again turned to the on position. S7.7.1.3 With the vehicle held stationary by means of the service brake control, apply the parking brake by a single application of the force specified in (a), (b), or (c) of this paragraph, except that a series of applications to achieve the specified force may be made in the case of a parking brake system design that does not allow the application of the specified force in a single application: (a) In the case of a passenger car or other vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. 3. Bahnhof Stage 1 Clutch Kit Fits GMC C6500 C7500 Topkick 7. 0000000859 00000 n Since most large trucks have air brakes then why not large school buses. 17 years in the truck & bus world, 10 years at an IH Dealer, ASE Certified Master Medium & Heavy Truck Technician and Advanced Level Diesel Engine Diagnostic Specialist, IH Diamond Certified 5 Times, Instructor of Apprentice Techs in Engines, Fuels, Electrical & Electronics. When testing a hydraulic brake booster, there are several things you need to take into account. Establish an initial brake temperature before the first brake application of 130 to 150 F. startxref No further charging of any propulsion battery occurs during any of the performance tests in the test sequence of this standard. S7.7.3 Lightly loaded vehicle. 0000000516 00000 n By clicking the submit button below, you are agreeing with Bobit Business Medias Privacy Policy and this outlined level of consent. S5.2.2 A vehicle of a type described in S5.2.1 at the option of the manufacturer may meet the requirements of S5.2.2.1, S5.2.2.2, and S5.2.2.3 instead of the requirements of S5.2.1 if: (a) The vehicle has a transmission or transmission control which incorporates a parking mechanism, and. Each manufacturer shall, upon request from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, provide information regarding which of the compliance options it has selected for a particular vehicle or make/model. Air very much does apply the service brake. (c) Of a color that contrasts with its background, if it is not engraved or embossed. Wear of the service brake must be compensated for by means of a system of automatic adjustment. Fill to this level. If its low, that could indicate a leak as well. Then make six stops from 60 mph. exact, verbatim wording for each component that must be checked;. S7.7.4 Non-service brake type parking brake systems. (1) If separate indicators are used for one or more of the conditions described in S5.3.1(a) through S5.3.1(g) of this standard, the indicator display shall include the word Brake and appropriate additional labeling, except as provided in (c)(1) (A) through (D) of this paragraph. All was good according to them. S5.1.4.1 The control force used for the baseline check stops or snubs shall be not less than 10 pounds, nor more than 60 pounds, except that the control force for a vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or more may be between 10 pounds and 90 pounds. Choosing an item from Start your practice test now. Why Hydraulic Brakes Do Not Work If Bubbles of Air Leak into the Liquid? Advanced Member, BJ Henderson (d) The brake system indicator light(s), for compliance with operation in various key positions, lens color, labeling, and location, in accordance with S5.3. 135. (C) If a separate indicator lamp is provided for an anti-lock system, the single word Antilock or Anti-lock, or the abbreviation ABS, may be used for S5.3.1(c). Comments are moderated and may not appear for 24 hours or more. But the key to brake safety is still visual inspection and maintaining tolerances that are within manufacturer specifications. Unless otherwise specified the brake temperature is 150 F. S7.4.1.1 Burnish. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth wheel . (b) At vehicle speeds above 20 mph, one wheel on any axle or two wheels on any tandem may lock up for any duration. S7.10 Service brake system - inoperative brake power unit or brake power assist unit test. (Only for vehicles that have been tested according to S7.7.2.) the hierarchy of the document. Apply and hold the service brakes for a minute. trailer parking brake on. This self-paced course gives you: more than 100 practice test questions with feedback; EASY step-by-step instructions how to conduct a pre-trip inspection on an air brake system; DETAILED rules to use air brakes and brake downhill with a large vehicle . This is because there is more pressure being placed on the brakes when there is more weight on the trailer. At this point, you can begin applying pressure to the pedal and release it quickly several times to build up pressure in the system. Make spike stops by applying a control force of 200 lb while recording control force versus time. S7.4.2.2 Brake adjustment - post burnish. (b) The parking brake system on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus (including a school bus) with a GVWR greater than 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) shall be capable of holding the vehicle stationary for 5 minutes, in both forward and reverse directions, on a 20 percent grade. Stops, other than spike stops, are made without any part of the vehicle leaving the roadway. They are also less expensive on a new bus purchase, and many operations are in the mindset of buying cheap to save money up front. (D) If a separate indicator lamp is provided for application of the parking brake, the single word Park may be used for S5.3.1(d). Words in addition to those required by Standard No. S5.2.1. Test for stopping (25) 2. They all have a big compressor you can tap into for air tools, tire inflaters etc. S5.2 Parking Brake System. With vehicle at GVWR, disconnect functional power source, or otherwise render antilock system inoperative. Indirectly Controlled Wheel means a wheel at which the degree of rotational wheel slip is not sensed, but at which the modulator of an antilock braking system adjusts its brake actuating forces in response to signals from one or more sensed wheels. 58 0 obj<>stream For an EV, the speed attainable in 2 miles is determined with the propulsion batteries at a state of charge of not less than 95 percent at the beginning of the run. 571.105 (S5.2) in effect at the time of manufacture. Conventional School Bus (with Hydraulic Brakes) PreTrip & Procedures K Schriel 40 subscribers Share 1.4K views 8 months ago Included at the end is a Railroad Crossing Procedure, Student. The CamLaster brake has 2 key design differences over traditional S-cam brakes. The vehicle is aligned in the center of the roadway at the start of each brake application. Control force readings may be terminated when vehicle speed falls to 5 mph. S7.11.2.1 Vehicles with GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less. This is especially important on large vehicles such as trucks and buses which require a lot of stopping power. The critical value is determined by measuring the state-of-charge of each propulsion battery at the instant that automatic shut-down occurs and averaging the states-of-charge recorded. S7.6 First reburnish. AIR BRAKES PRACTICE TEST- A 1. Vehicles are burnished according to the following procedures. Maintain control force until vehicle has stopped. Repeat S7.4, except make 35 burnish stops or snubs. The drivers seat is often a cushy air suspension seat. Our practice tests are designed to help you learn the material in the CDL Handbook, Each question is multiple choice and will provide instant feedback. Any electromotive force that is applied to the propulsion motor(s) automatically remains in effect unless otherwise specified by the test procedure. Each multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck and bus (other than a school bus) with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds must be capable of meeting the requirements of S5.1.1, S5.1.2, S5.1.3, and S5.1.7 under the conditions specified in S6, when tested according to the procedures and in the sequence set forth in S7. For an EV that is equipped with both ABS and RBS that is part of the service brake system, the ABS must control the RBS. Step on Service (foot) brake pedal to stop bus. 1. Average the maximum brake control force required for the three snubs. We dont stop at every drive way or each 10th mile either. OEM-standard lubricants are the best choice for this application because they're designed to meet tough duty standards, like school buses. This chapter applies to the course of instruction and physical examination for school bus drivers required by 75 Pa.C.S. S7.4.1 Vehicles with GVWR of 10,000 lb or less. The in-page Table of Contents is available only when multiple sections are being viewed. In a hydraulic brake system, the brakes are naturally off. With the brakes fully released at all times, drive the vehicle for 2 min at a speed of 5 mph in any combination of forward and reverse directions, through a trough having a water depth of 6 in. Hydraulic Brake Fluids: Standard regulation on hydraulic brake fluids. (a) Each vehicle with GVWR of 10,000 lbs or less shall be capable of making 5 fade stops (10 fade stops on the second test) from 60 mph at a deceleration not lower than 15 fpsps for each stop, followed by 5 fade stops at the maximum deceleration attainable from 5 to 15 fpsps. Turn the key to the on position without starting the bus. If needed, fill the reservoir up to the bottom of the fill-neck. The types of vehicles and operations requiring a CDL are outlined below. Braking is all about simple friction and dissipating heat, so the best solution is the one that manages heat best - and that's the disc brake system. attacks or slurs, hate speech, demonstrably false information, excessive profanity, or that are thinly veiled promotions for a product, will not be approved. I'm a new noob here, but from what I've read. 0000000987 00000 n Oh yeah hydraulics are also nice because not all of my drivers are licensed for air brakes. Average the maximum brake control force required for the three stops. If the vehicle does not remain stationary, reapplication of the service brake to hold the vehicle stationary, with reapplication of a force to the parking brake control at the level specified in S7.7.1.3 (a) or (b) as appropriate for the vehicle being tested (without release of the ratcheting or other holding mechanism of the parking brake) may be used twice to attain a stationary position. If the speed attainable in 2 miles is not less than 84 mph, a passenger car or other vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less shall also be capable of stopping from 80 mph within the corresponding distances specified in Column II of Table II. Ask Your Own Medium and Heavy Trucks Question If batteries are replaced rather than recharged, each replacement battery shall be charged and measured for state of charge in accordance with these procedures. Learn more about the eCFR, its status, and the editorial process. Summary Modern four-wheel disc brake systems offer a combination of low maintenance, advanced materials and the benefits of electronic warning systems. No recharging is allowed after start of test. S5.1.3.2 Brake power assist units. Engine idle speed and ignition timing settings are according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Leave an interval of 0.4 mi between the start of brake applications. Open the window and listen for the air leaks. S7.7.2 Test procedure for requirements of S5.2.2. 105; Hydraulic and electric brake systems. Each school bus with a GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds must be capable of meeting the requirements of S5.1.1 through S5.1.5, and S5.1.7 under the conditions specified in S6, when tested according to the procedures and in the sequence set forth in S7. To avoid engine stall during tests required to be run in gear a manual transmission may be shifted to neutral (or the clutch disengaged) when the vehicle speed decreases to 20 mph. or less, not more than 125 pounds for a foot-operated system, and not more than 90 pounds for a hand-operated system; and. HWn}W#Xwy76 (Ipj.Z. A vehicle shall be deemed to comply with the stopping distance requirements of S5.1 if at least one of the stops at each speed and load specified in each of S7.3, S7.5(b), S7.8, S7.9, S7.10, S7.15 and S7.17 (check stops) is made within a stopping distance that does not exceed the corresponding distance specified in Table II. I'd hate to be stuck driving or riding in a bus when its hydraulic breaks crap out and fail to stop the bus. You should also bleed your brakes regularly to get rid of any air bubbles that may have gotten into the system. Leave an interval of 30 s between snubs (start of brake application to start of brake application). S5.6 Brake system integrity. The brake pedal should not move (depress) during the five seconds. 0000002585 00000 n Conduct 10 stopping tests from a speed of 100 kph or the maximum vehicle speed, whichever is less. (b) The parking mechanism must be engaged before the ignition key can be removed. (a) The parking brake system on a multipurpose passenger vehicle, truck or bus (other than a school bus) with a GVWR of 4,536 kilograms (10,000 pounds) or less shall be capable of holding the vehicle stationary for 5 minutes, in both forward and reverse directions, on a 20 percent grade. Purpose. S7.11 Service brake system - first fade and recovery test. 0000004592 00000 n (d) At vehicle speeds of 20 mph or less, any wheel may lock up for any duration. August 1, 1997 here. are closed except as required for instrumentation purposes. Vehicle Hydraulic Brake System Testing. Bus should stop in straight line without pulling to one side or the other. If they are freezing up, your air dryer is not working correctly. 117. . Control force readings may be terminated when vehicle speed falls to 5 mph. Displaying title 49, up to date as of 2/27/2023. For EVs having a manual control for setting the level of regenerative braking, the manual control, at the beginning of each burnish procedure, is set to provide maximum regenerative braking throughout the burnish. and 100 F. S6.9.1 For vehicles with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less, road tests are conducted on a 12-foot-wide, level roadway, having a skid number of 81. However, if the brake is pushed with a great force, it can cause leakage in the cylinder which can be very dangerous for the passengers. S5.1.3.4 Brake power assist and brake power units. This questions appears in the following tests: Colorado Double District Of Columbia Class A Knowledge Test Illinois Passenger This standard specifies requirements for hydraulic and electric service brake systems, and associated parking brake systems. S7.10.1 Regular procedure. Don't automatically be fooled by big-rigs use of air brakes. Service Brake Test Disengage (push-in) Parking brake and accelerate to 5 mph in a straight line. user convenience only and is not intended to alter agency intent Stability and control during braking (braking-in-a-curve test), 8. Heres how to do a basic check: Start by checking the fluid level in the reservoir. Spring pressure c. Air pressure d. Any of the above 2. However, the options provided in S5.3.1(a) shall not apply to a vehicle manufactured without a split service brake system; such a vehicle shall, to meet the requirements of S5.3.1(a), be equipped with a malfunction indicator that activates under the conditions specified in S5.3.1(a)(4). There are three key tests you can perform to ensure your system is functioning properly: 1. Parking mechanism means a component or subsystem of the drive train that locks the drive train when the transmission control is placed in a parking or other gear position and the ignition key is removed. Second, make sure youre not blocking traffic when youre doing your pre-trip. (b) After being driven for 2 minutes at a speed of 5 mph in any combination of forward and reverse directions through a trough having a water depth of 6 inches, each vehicle with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds shall be capable of making five recovery stops from 30 mph at 10 fpsps for each stop with a control force application that falls within the following maximum and minimum limits: (1) A maximum for the first four recovery stops of 150 pounds, and for the fifth stop, of 60 pounds more than the average control force for the baseline check (but in no case more than 110 pounds); and. Navigate by entering citations or phrases S5.1.3.1 The service brakes on a vehicle equipped with one or more brake power assist units or brake power units, with one such unit inoperative and depleted of all reserve capability, shall be capable of stopping a vehicle from 60 mph within the corresponding distance specified in column IV of table II. 0000001241 00000 n S5.3 Brake system indicator lamp. (a) Permanently affixed, engraved, or embossed; (b) Located so as to be visible by direct view, either on or within 4 inches of the brake fluid reservoir filler plug or cap; and. S7.7.1.6 Check the operation of the parking brake application indicator required by S5.3.1(d). Make 10 successive spike stops from 30 mph with the transmission in neutral, with no reverse stops. S5.3.4 When an indicator lamp is activated it may be steady burning or flashing. Each vehicle with a GVWR of 10,000 lbs. Air brakes are used on most large commercial vehicles and use compressed air to operate the brakes. S7.11.3.1 Vehicles with GVWR of 10,000 lb or less. The brake temperature is measured by plug-type thermocouples installed in the approximate center of the facing length and width of the most heavily loaded shoe or disc pad, one per brake, as shown in figure 1. If it does, there may be a leak. (Engine may be run up in speed, then throttle closed quickly to attain maximum charge on vacuum assist units.) 0000001722 00000 n This includes checking fluid levels, tires, brakes, lights, and anything else that could potentially cause problems down the road. The actuation system is made up of the power unit/master cylinder/differential pressure switch, power steering pump, brake fluid, brake warning system and the various lines, wiring and relays needed to operate and monitor the system. 5 - 10 First, it ensures thatthe inspector can testthe starter switch properly. 2389 turbine oil, the motor weighs approximately 225 pounds. It can also cause corrosion in the brake system. On vehicles with brake power assist units, render the brake power assist unit inoperative, or one of the brake power assist unit subsystems if two or more subsystems are provided, by disconnecting the relevant power supply. This situation can create a variety of problems like brake pedal pulsation during brake application, increased piston seal wear and abnormal pad wear. The brakes shall be adjusted three times during the burnish procedure, in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, after 125, 250, and 375 snubs. S7.11.1.2 Vehicles with GVWR greater than 10,000 pounds. S6.10.1 For vehicles with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less, stops are made with wheel lockup permitted only as follows: (a) At vehicle speeds above 10 mph, there may be controlled wheel lockup on an antilock-equipped axle, and lockup of not more than one wheel per vehicle, uncontrolled by an antilock system. 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And abnormal pad wear ) automatically remains in effect at the start of brake. An unburnished condition an unburnished condition be engaged before the ignition key can removed. ( S5.2 ) in effect unless otherwise specified, the brakes are naturally.. Because they 're designed to meet tough duty standards, like school buses a loss! Turbine oil, the force applied to the manufacturer 's recommendations air leak into the system lower speed. A leak as well checked ; contrasts with its background, if the vehicle leaving the roadway the.